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Plant Diversity and Conservation

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Key Points

  • The cell wall is flexible during growth and has small pores called plasmodesmata that allow the exchange of nutrients and hormones between cells.
  • Plant cells, in turn, have three genomes, and chloroplast genome is usually also inherited maternally.
  • The companion cells, connected to the sieve tubes via plasmodesmata, are responsible for loading the phloem with sugars.
  • Root cap is responsible for the geotropic growth, if the root tip comes into contact with a barrier, root cap will feel it and will grow on a different direction to go around it.
  • Xylem elements, except for the parenchyma, are rich in lignin and are main components of wood.
  • Phloem is a specialised tissue for food transport in higher plants, mainly transporting sucrose along pressure gradients generated by osmosis, a process called translocation.

Terms

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